Introductory Psychology Second Examination

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Introductory Psychology Second Examination

PSYC 100 – Introductory Psychology
Second Examination – DUE December 6, 2015

University of Maryland University College
Fall, 2015

Instructions: Please submit (either via LEO or attached to an email) only your answers,
numbered 1-50, on a single page. Do not send me the entire exam.

____1. The process of sensory adaptation underscores the fact that human perception
is most sensitive to: (A) constant stimuli; (B) changing stimuli; (C) threatening
stimuli; (D) subliminal stimuli.
____2. On what basis was intelligence compared to hard-core pornography in lecture?
(A) Both are inherited. (B) Both are easy to define but difficult to recognize.
(C) Both are difficult to define but easy to recognize. (D) Both are easily obtained in large cities.
____3. Your friend claims that she can remember instances of childhood sexual abuse
that occurred when she was 6 months of age. Why would most psychologists
be skeptical of this claim? (A) Decay leads to nearly immediate forgetting of
newly acquired information. (B) Infantile amnesia makes it unlikely that these
are true memories from that age. (C) Therapists who advocate the reality of
such claims charge less to treat the victims of such abuse than those who doubt
such claims. (D) Repression inhibits the conscious recognition of traumatic
events, such as childhood sexual abuse.
____4. On the topic of genius, Sir Francis Galton argued that: (A) there is no such thing
as genius; (B) genius is determined by early childhood experiences; (C) only
males can be geniuses; (D) genius is inherited.
____5. Charles Spearman’s g factor refers to: (A) general intelligence; (B) reliability for
intelligence tests; (C) the contribution of genetics to intelligence; (D) multiple
intelligences.
____6. Which of the following outcomes is most likely when you are relearning previously learned material? (A) You will need to study twice as long, because of
interference by all the things you learned between the original learning and the
relearning. (B) Your free recall ability will increase faster than any type of recognition memory. (C) You will relearn the material faster and more easily than
you did during the original learning. (D) Although the material can be relearned,
you will be more susceptible to the effects of context-dependencies (e.g., statespecific learning, mood congruence, encoding specificity).
____7. The Gestalt group of psychologists well known for studying: (A) perceptual performance in stressful conditions; (B) issues of free will and personal responsibility; (C) organizational processes in perception; (D) the physiology of the eye.
____8. Which of the following can be concluded from Posner’s studies of mental
coding? (A) Additional processing speeds up processing time. (B) Additional
processing leads to slower response times. (C) Faster response times mean
greater task difficulty. (D) Faster response times are always associated with
greater accuracy.

PSYC 100 – Introductory Psychology
Second Examination – DUE December 6, 2015

University of Maryland University College
Fall, 2015

____9. Which of the following would best predict a college senior’s current IQ score?
(A) her IQ score from one year ago; (B) her IQ score from around her high
school graduation; (C) her IQ score taken upon entrance to high school;
(D) her IQ score from age six.
____10. Jean Piaget was best known for his efforts to understand: (A) the way children
interpret their emerging sense of sexuality; (B) the way children think, reason,
and solve problems; (C) language development; (D) bystander intervention.
____11. If differences among people in their IQ scores are based largely on differences in
heredity, we should expect to find that: (A) the correlation of IQ scores should
be higher for fraternal twins than for identical twins; (B) the correlation of IQ
scores should be higher for identical twins than for fraternal twins; (C) children
reared by their own parents should have higher IQs than do children reared by
adoptive parents; (D) children reared by adoptive parents should have higher
IQs than do children reared by their own parents.
____12. A 7-year-old has a much better chance of recovering from aphasia than a 50year-old with similar brain damage. Which conclusion can be drawn about this
observation? (A) It suggests that young brains are less developed than older
brains. (B) It suggests that old brains take more time to recover from injuries
than young brains. (C) It is consistent with the critical period hypothesis of
language learning. (D) It refutes the critical period hypothesis of language
learning.
____13. If you want to increase your chances of successful recall, a general rule is that
your ability to remember will be greatest when: (A) there is a match between
the circumstances surrounding your encoding and your retrieval; (B) there is a
mismatch between the circumstances surrounding your encoding and your retrieval; (C) information from the outside world is prevented from entering your
short-term memory; (D) information from long-term memory is prevented from
entering your short-term memory.
____14. Walter Mischel followed up on the children who had participated (at age 4) in
his “marshmallow study” 14 years later (when they were 18 years old). Mischel
found that the children who had successfully waited (for 15 minutes) to receive
a second marshmallow ______ those who ate their first marshmallow. (A) were
more self-reliant, trustworthy, and academically successful than; (B) were not
as good at planning for their futures as; (C) had poorer social adjustment than;
(D) had similar SAT scores as.
____15. Despite changes in the size of the retinal image, an object that is viewed from
different distances does not appear to become larger or smaller. The perceptual
principle here is ______, which results from ______. (A) distance relativity,
visual adaptation; (B) distance constancy, visual accommodation; (C) size
relativity, bottom-up processing; (D) size constancy, top-down processing.

PSYC 100 – Introductory Psychology
Second Examination – DUE December 6, 2015

University of Maryland University College
Fall, 2015

____16. Although Pauline is unable to recognize her husband by sight, she can identify
him by his voice as soon as he speaks. She is displaying the symptoms of:
(A) achromatopsia; (B) prosopagnosia; (C) visual neglect; (D) Wernicke’s
aphasia.
____17. Research by Elizabeth Loftus on eyewitness memory has demonstrated that:
(A) eyewitness testimony is very accurate, regardless of pretrial investigation;
(B) retrieval cues can bias eyewitness accounts; (C) eyewitness memory is
highly resistant to leading questions; (D) women are generally more accurate
eyewitnesses than men.
____18. Which of the following conclusions was drawn from George Sperling’s (1960)
studies comparing whole report and partial report of the contents of a brief
visual display? (A) Very short term sensory memory can hold more information than was once thought possible. (B) Semantic encoding leads to the
deepest levels of processing. (C) Information that is unrehearsed will not be
transferred (i.e., “consolidated”) to long-term memory. (D) Memory reports
of eyewitnesses are unreliable.
____19. Which of the following tasks would a patient who has sustained damage to the
pathway between her occipital cortex and her parietal cortex most likely have
difficulty with? (A) identifying an object; (B) reaching for an object; (C) seeing
an object; (D) responding with the emotional response.
____20. Most instances of adolescent risk taking occur when an adolescent is: (A) alone;
(B) with his or her family; (C) during school hours; (D) in groups of same-age
peers.
____21. The optic nerves send visual information to the ______, which sends it to the
______. (A) limbic system, occipital lobes; (B) thalamus, primary visual cortex;
(C) cerebellum, occipital lobes; (D) hypothalamus, primary visual cortex.
____22. One type of visual illusion is the ______, which requires multiple fixations before the illusion is recognized as such. (A) illusory conjunction; (B) ventriloquism effect; (C) impossible figure; (D) phi phenomenon.
____23. Which of the following tasks would a patient who has sustained damage to the
pathway between her occipital cortex and her temporal cortex most likely have
difficulty with? (A) identifying an object; (B) reaching for an object; (C) seeing
an object; (D) keeping track of time.
____24. A woman has participated in an ongoing research study of intelligence for the
past 20 years. Every few years, a researcher tests her intelligence and asks her
questions about her achievements. The woman is involved in a study that is
using a ________ research design. (A) cross-sectional; (B) chronological;
(C) lifespan; (D) longitudinal.

PSYC 100 – Introductory Psychology
Second Examination – DUE December 6, 2015

University of Maryland University College
Fall, 2015

 
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