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How many inferences are made in a complex argument?

Select one:

a. more than one

b. one

c. two

d. none

e. b and c

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A claim/proposition is:

Select one:

a. a truth-functional statement

b. can act as support for a conclusion in an argument

c. can be supported by other claims in an argument

d. b and c

e. all of the above

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Pick the correct combination and order of premise(s) and conclusion(s) below to correctly fill in the blanks in the given argument:

___________ given that ____________ .

Select one:

a. premise, premise

b. premise, conclusion

c. conclusion, conclusion

d. conclusion, premise

e. none of the above

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Which of the following are components of an argument:

Select one:

a. inferences

b. premises

c. conclusions

d. all of the above

e. none of the above

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An argument that predicts what will happen in the future, based on what has happened in the past, is an inductive argument.

Select one:

True

False

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An invalid deductive argument can be sound.

Select one:

True

False

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A valid deductive argument can contain false claims.

Select one:

True

False

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Determine if the following claim is either true or false:

“Either Richard Nixon was president or Babe Ruth was an alien.”

Select one:

True

False

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Identify the correct logical operator in the following claim from the options below:

“Peanut butter and Pop Tarts are synthetic foods.”

Select one:

a. conditional

b. negation

c. conjunction

d. disjunction

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Determine if the following claim is either true or false:

“If Lady Gaga is president, then San Francisco is in Colorado.”

Select one:

True

False

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Either Swatch has a chrome face and Rado advertises a calendar watch, or Tissot has luminous hands.

S = “Swatch has a chrome face”; R = “Rado advertises a calendar watch”; T = “Tissot has luminous hands”

Select one:

a. (S • R) v T

b. S • R v T

c. (S v R) • T

d. S • (R v T)

e. S v (R • T)

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If Movado offers a blue dial, then neither Fossil is water resistant nor Nautica promotes a titanium case.

M = “Movado offers a blue dial”; F = “Fossil is water resistant”; N = “Nautica promotes a titanium case”

Select one:

a. M → (∼F ∨ ∼N)

b. M → (∼F • N)

c. M → ∼ (F ∨ N)

d. M → (∼F • ∼N)

e. M → ∼ (F → N)

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Either Norwegian eases its dress codes or Oceania enlarges its fleet and Seabourn reduces its fares.

N = “Norwegian eases its dress codes”; O = “Oceania enlarges its fleet”; S = “Seabourn reduces its fares”

Select one:

a. N ∨ (O • S)

b. (N • O) ∨ S

c. N ∨ O • S

d. N • (O ∨ S)

e. (N ∨ O) • S

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If Holland remodels its staterooms, then not either Regent enlarges its casinos or Celebrity revises its itineraries.

H = “Holland remodels its staterooms”; R = “Regent enlarges its casinos”; C = “Celebrity revises its itineraries”

Select one:

a. H → (∼R ∨ ∼C)

b. (∼R ∨ ∼C) → H

c. H → (∼R ∨ C)

d. H → ∼ (R ∨ C)

e. ∼ (R ∨ C) → H

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If either hamburgers are nutritious or Folgers is refreshing, then butter is bland.

H = “hamburgers are nutritious”; F = “Folgers is refreshing”; B = “butter is bland”

Select one:

a. B → H ∨ F

b. (H ∨ F) → B

c. B → (H ∨ F)

d. (H → B) ∨ F

e. (B → H) ∨ F

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If Alaska is beautiful, then neither Hawaii is majestic nor Portland is desirable.

A = “Alaska is beautiful”; H = “Hawaii is majestic”; P = “Portland is desirable”

Select one:

a. A → ∼H • ∼P

b. ∼ (H ∨ P) → A

c. (∼H ∨ ∼P) → A

d. A → ∼ (H ∨ P)

e. A → (∼H ∨ ∼P)

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Amherst reduces class size, and either Williams increases enrollment or Smith raises tuition.

A = “Amherst reduces class sizes”; W = “Williams increases enrollment”; S = “Smith raises tuition”

Select one:

a. A → (W ∨ S)

b. A ∨ (W • S)

c. A • (W → S)

d. (A • W) ∨ S

e. A • (W ∨ S)

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If Williams increases enrollment, then not both Fordham and Georgetown expand course offerings.

W = “Williams increases enrollment”; F = “Fordham expands course offerings”; G = “Georgetown expands course offerings”

Select one:

a. W → (∼F • ∼G)

b. W → ∼ (F ∨ G)

c. W → ∼ (F • G)

d. W ∨ ∼ (F → G)

e. W • ∼(F • G)

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If Rice hires new faculty then neither Duke nor Tulane increases student aid.

R = “Rice hires new faculty”; D = “Duke increases student aid”; T = Tulane increases student aid”

Select one:

a. (∼D ∨ ∼T) → R

b. R • ∼ (D ∨ T)

c. R → ∼ (D ∨ T)

d. R → (∼D ∨ ∼T)

e. ∼ (D ∨ T) → R

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It is not the case that either Honda reduces inventory and Mercedes introduces a new model or Toyota closes a factory and Fiat improves mileage.

H = “Honda reduces inventory”; M = “Mercedes introduces a new model”; T = “Toyota closes a factory”; F = “Fiat improves mileage”

Select one:

a. ∼ (H • M) v ∼ (T • F)

b. ∼ [(H • M) v (T • F)]

c. ∼ (H v M) • ∼(T v F)

d. (∼H • ∼M) v (∼T • ∼F)

e. ∼ [(H v M) • (T v F)]

Question 21

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Determine the argument form below:

L

∼E → ∼L

E

Answer:

Question 22

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Determine the argument form below:

(∼H → B) • (L → ∼T)

T ∨ ∼B

H ∨ ∼L

Answer:

Question 23

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Determine the argument form below:

M

∼M → G

∼G

Answer:

Question 24

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Determine the argument form below:

∼T → ∼W

∼T

∼W

Answer:

Question 25

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Determine the argument form below:

∼A → ∼H

E → ∼A

E → ∼H

Answer:

Question 26

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Determine the argument form below:

∼P → ∼D

∼D

∼P

Answer:

Question 27

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Determine the argument form below:

(S → Q) • (∼W → ∼C)

S ∨ ∼ W

Q ∨ ∼C

Answer:

Question 28

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Determine the argument form below:

Q ∨ ∼S

S

Q

Answer:

Question 29

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Determine the argument form below:

(Q → E) • (D → ∼E)

∼E ∨ E

∼Q ∨ ∼D

Answer:

Question 30

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Determine the argument form below:

[P ∨ (D → T)] → ∼ (C • R)

[P ∨ (D → T)]

∼ (C • R)

Answer: