Section B: Application and Data Analysis (Total: 30 Points)

Q11. A study wishes to measure “citizen trust in government” through the number of lawsuits filed against the federal government. Evaluate the measurement validity of this approach. [5 Points]

Q12. Use the Community Indicators data set and compare the mean and median values of the number of murders (“murder”) in these different cities. Are they close or dissimilar? Next, Examine the frequency distributions of the variables murder and nonnegligent manslaughter (called “murder” on the data set) and burglary (called “burglary”). Then use histogram to determine whether any cities might be considered outliers among these measures. Based on your findings, should you include or exclude these cities from any further analysis? If you include them, should you note and study the impact that these cities have on your results? [10 Points]

Q13. Use the Employee Attitudes data set. Examine the relationship between gender and the morale of county employees (Himorale). Then consider the relationship between gender and stress (Stressed). Use column percentages and write up the result. [5 Points]

Q14. A professor of Education is interested in the relationship between students’ visits to office hours held by professors and their final grades in the course. She has obtained voluminous data from Hardknocks University regarding these two variables. These data are cross-tabulated below.

[10 points]

2

Grade

C or worse B

A

Total

None One or Two

527 540 512 526 480 509

1519 1575

Three or More Total

438 1505 465 1503 511 1500

1414 4508

Visits During Office Hours

She hypothesizes that the more visits made by a student to office hours, the higher the likely grade. Calculate the chi-square statistics for this table. Are the two variables related? Explain your answer.

[Hint: To answer this question, you will need to use Excel’s Chi-Square test procedure that we practiced in the discussion forum.]

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