Answer the 3 questions below and reply to each student.

Student Reply must be over 200 words.

Make sure all student replies you start it with Hello (Student Name),

Please upload each question in different word documents.

******Question 2 and 3 requires you to look at week 4 document for instructions and requires week 4 assignment format . *************(documents attached)

Question 1:

Explain the function of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems as well as how these systems work together to meet the demands of activity. Discuss the process of gas exchange as well as coronary artery disease and chronic obstructive disease and explain how these chronic diseases can lead to dysfunction of these systems.

To complete the following activity, you will need paper, a pen, and a clock or stopwatch with a second hand. To begin, take the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (Links to an external site.) (PAR-Q). The PAR-Q is a screening tool to determine if a person should check with his or her doctor prior to completing an exercise program. If it is determined that you should not exercise, please find an adult (18 years of age or older) family member or friend to complete the assessment for you who has been cleared to exercise through the PAR-Q assessment. You can record the results of your partner.

• Measure resting heart rate (refer to page 13 of the text on how to take a pulse). Count your respirations in 1 minute. Record results.
• If you are able to safely do so, exercise for 3 minutes (jog in place, do jumping jacks, jump rope, push-ups, sit ups, etc.)
• Immediately take your pulse for 10 seconds. Record that number. Have your partner record your respirations for 1 minute.
• Rest for 5 minutes. Take your pulse again for 10 seconds. Count your breaths again for 1 minute.

In your initial post:

• Enter the results from the heart rate activity above.
• Describe the function of the cardiovascular system and the respiratory system and how they work together.
• Describe how the cardiovascular system adjusts to meet the demands of exercise. Use appropriate terminology such as stroke volume, respirations, and pulse.
• Describe why an untrained person’s heart rate and breathing rate would take longer to return to a resting rate compared to a person who is in good physical condition.
• Explain the relationship between heart rate and breathing rate during physical activity.
• Discuss contributing factors to coronary artery disease (CAD). Explain how CAD leads to dysfunction of the cardiovascular system.
• Discuss contributing factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Explain how COPD leads to dysfunction of the respiratory system.

Use two scholarly sources (one may be your course text) to support your initial post. All sources must be referenced and cited according to APA guidelines as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length.

Student Reply 1: Stacy Layher

RESULTS HEART RATE

Resting heart rate 80 for 1 minute; Respirations 25

Pulse 10 sec after workout- 17

Respirations for 1 min after workout –42

Pulse 5 mins after workout – 12

Respirations 5 mins after workout – 27

What is the function of the cardiovascular system and respiratory system and how do they work together?

Cardiovascular system is the body system that includes the heart, arteries, veins and capillaries and distributes blood throughout the body (Colbert, Ankeny & Lee, 2013). And the respiratory system removes carbon dioxide and gets oxygen to the body as needed. The two systems have to work together as the respiratory brings the air into the body system, then when the cells use the oxygen it creates carbon dioxide. Which is then carried in the blood stream to be released so it doesn’t cause damage. So, the cardiovascular system transports the oxygen and carbon dioxide to the correct organ through the blood.

Why is an untrained person’s heart rate and breathing rate would take longer to return to a resting rate compared to a person in shape?

The parasympathetic nervous system becomes more efficient and will slow your heart rate quicker as you become more physically fit (Wolfe, 2019). And the more you train your heart becomes in better shape.

Relationship between heart rate and breathing rate during physical activity.

During physical activity our hearts are working harder and to reduce the work of the heart we must increase the oxygen content of the blood that is going through the heart. To get more oxygen in the blood we breath harder. So during physical activity your heart rate and respirations increase.

CAD

High cholesterol can cause coronary artery disease, as it a plaque that builds in blood vessels and causes blockage. Which then limits the proper amount of blood flow to the cardiovascular system. Which then causes it to not work properly.

COPD

A major factor to COPD is the inhalation of cigarette smoke. These are individuals that smoke or that are around second-hand smoke. Breathing this bad smoke causes damage to your lungs and that is how you get COPD which is a disease when you have difficulty getting all the air out of your lungs.

REFERENCE

Colbert, B., Ankeny, J., & Lee. K. (2013). Anatomy, physiology, and disease: An interactive journey for health professions (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Education.

Wolfe, L. (2019), Live Strong; Why Would a Physically Fit Person’s Heart Rate Return to Normal Faster Than an Unfit Person’s? Retrieved from https://www.livestrong.com/article/346711-why-woul…

Student Reply 2: Carolina Perez

Resting heart rate:

Pulse (1 minute)- 72 Respiration (1 min)-16

3 min post exercise:

Pulse (10 sec)-11 Respiration (1 min)-36

5 min post exercise:

Pulse (10 sec)- 6 Respiration (1 min)-19

The main functions of the cardiovascular system are; to transport nutrients, gases and waste products around the body, to protect the body from infection and blood loss, to help the body maintain a constant body temperature, and to help maintain fluid balance within the body (Busse, n. d.). The respiratory system is responsible for gathering oxygen from the outside environment and supplying it to the cells, and to remove the carbon dioxide produced by cellular metabolism, from the body. Additionally, it’s functions also include phonation, pulmonary defense and metabolism, handling bioactive materials, acid-base balance, and gas exchange (Levitzky, 2018). Together, both systems work to remove carbon dioxide and to make certain that organ tissues are receiving enough oxygen.

During exercise, the job of the cardiovascular system is to deliver blood and oxygen from the heart and lungs to the working muscles, so in order to meet oxygen and energy needs during exercise, both the heart rate and stroke volume increase, which in turn increases the cardiac output and respiration, in order to bring more oxygen to the lungs (St. Laurent, 2019).

According to Wolfe (n. d.), “The heart rate of a physically fit person returns to normal rhythm faster than that of an untrained person because of the training response on the body’s autonomic nervous system” (para. 1). This system regulates heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, and the release of glucose for energy. Additionally, as a person becomes more used to physical activity, the heart becomes more efficient in pumping out necessary oxygen.

As one begins to exercise, the sympathetic nervous system causes the heart rate to increase, the breathing pace to increase, and elevates blood pressure in order to circulate the oxygen needed during exercise (Wolfe, n. d.).

Coronary artery disease (CAD) happens when plaque builds up that causes the coronary arteries to become narrow, and decreases the bloodflow to the heart. Factors that contribute to CAD can include; family history, smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, lack of physical activity, excess stress, and an unhealthy diet (Mayo Clinic, 2018). Inadequate blood supply to the heart can cause arrhythmia, plaque build up causes blood clots to form and a complete blockage can bring on a heart attack, and when this happens it can make a person more susceptible to heart failure (Mayo Clinic, 2018).

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs, and can be caused by long term smoking, exposure to second-hand smoke, exposure to dust and chemicals from a job, age, and gender (Mayo Clinic, 2017). COPD can lead to chronic respiratory infections like colds, flu, and pneumonia, which can make it extremely difficult to breath and cause further lung tissue damage.

References

Busse, M. (n.d.). 5 Major Functions of the Cardiovascular System. Retrieved from https://www.livestrong.com/article/164894-5-major-… (Links to an external site.)

COPD. (2017). Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cop… (Links to an external site.)symptoms-causes/syc-20353679 (Links to an external site.)

Coronary artery disease. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases- (Links to an external site.)conditions/coronary-artery-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20350613 (Links to an external site.)

Levitzky, M. G. (2018). Pulmonary physiology. New York: McGraw-Hill Education.

St. Laurent, C. (2019). When You Exercise How Does the Cardiovascular System Respond? Retrieved from https://livehealthy.chron.com/exercise-cardiovascu… (Links to an external site.)

Wolfe, L. (n.d.). Why Would a Physically Fit Person’s Heart Rate Return to Normal Faster Than an Unfit Person’s? Retrieved from https://www.livestrong.com/article/346711-why-would- (Links to an external site.)a-physically-fit-persons-heart-rate-return-to-normal-faster-than-an-unfit-persons/

Question 2:

Blood Pressure

This week, you will log in to eScienceLabs to complete the two lab exercise assignments. These labs cover the cCirculatory and rReproductive sSystems. You will learn about these systems via animations and pre-lab readings for the exercises. The animations will address the anatomy and physiology of blood and the heart, the circulatory system, blood pressure, and the reproductive system.

The pre-lab readings will reinforce the elements of the circulatory system, including the role the respiratory system plays, the branches of the circulatory system, blood pressure, and cardiac output. You will viewView the Blood Pressure Virtual Lab animation before completing the Lab Report data and questions; data from the animation will be used in the Lab Report. Throughout the Blood Pressure lab, you will learn the basics on how to take a blood pressure reading, how blood pressure shows circulatory health, and what the normal sounds of blood pressure indicate, and how exercise impacts blood pressure.

For this assignment you must:

• Complete the blood pressure and pulse reading table.
• Answers questions one through six

**************Must use week 4 question 2 format for assignment. Please fill it out***************

Question 3:

Reproductive System

Explore the Virtual Model links on the eScienceLabs portal to review the anatomy and answer the lab report questions. At the end of this lab exercise, you will be able to identify which anatomy is comparative in function in the male system versus the female system. You will fill in your answers on the Lab Report form linked in the Week Four lab exercise area on the eScience Lab portal.
For this assignment you must:

• Answer questions one through five.

**************Must use week 4 question 3 format for assignment. Please fill it out***************

 

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