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“Communication is referred to as the transactional process in which people simultaneously create, interpret, and negotiate shared meaning through their interaction (Adams, & Galanes, 2017 p.48).” Communication includes verbal and nonverbal ways of conveying and interpreting information. These two types of communication work together to deliver a message to an audience. Nonverbal communication includes body language, hand gestures, facial expressions, and hand signals. Verbal communication is words or language used to convey a message.How these two types of communication work together require a process of using language or sounds to create a message and simultaneously using nonverbal cues that are used to help create meaning of that message.

In order to communicate effectively in small groups, there are some things that need to be remembered. First and foremost, know your audience and adjust to the communication style of your particular group. Be concise and stick to the point while communicating with your group. Stay aware of the reactions and emotions of the group while communicating. Finally, stick to the rules and guidelines that your group has to establish to guide methods of communication. Keeping these things in mind will allow verbal and nonverbal communication to work together to share a thought or message within your group.

A study conducted using middle school-aged children in groups showed how useful nonverbal communication is when conveying a message. In these groups, students used hand gestures along with verbal communication to enhance descriptions and ideas which were adopted by the group to create a shared means of communication. These patterned gestures created nonverbal cues that enhanced and highlighted understanding (Carter, Wiebe, & Reid-Griffin, 2006).These students were able to show that using hand signals helped to describe environmental surroundings, enhance their interpretation of the subject, and provide the group with validation of understanding.

Social workers specializing in assisting children with special needs requires a complex ability to communicate through nonverbal methods. Children that are disabled or require special needs do not necessarily have the ability to communicate verbally. Using nonverbal communication can allow social workers to understand the needs of a disabled child which can enhance care, improve relationships, as well as support the child (Prynallt-Jones, Carey, & Doherty, 2018). This type of nonverbal communication is critical for enhancing social work for children with disabilities.

Teaching preschool-aged children can provide challenges in and of itself. Teachers that employed to teach preschool-aged children with Autism have further challenges The Picture Exchange Communication System was developed for individuals with Autism spectrum disorders to use pictures and symbols to teach language (Thiemann-Bourque, Brady, McGuff, Stump, & Naylor, 2016). In this form of nonverbal communication, children use images or pictures to request a particular item and physical prompts are used to guide an exchange with their teacher.

Another example of nonverbal communication is when there is a language barrier amongst varying cultures. In order for two people to communicate, there must be some sort of shared understanding.Body language and hand signals have a universal meaning which can aid in the communication between two people who do not speak the same language.

To summarize, communication requires both verbal and nonverbal cues that help to convey a shared message. In groups, communicating effectively requires active listening, staying focused, knowing your audience, and respecting differences both emotionally and physically.

References

Adams, K., & Galanes, G. (2017) CH 4, PG 48. Communicating in groups: Application and skills (10th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. eISBN-13: 9781259983283

Carter, G., Wiebe, E. N., & Reid-Griffin, A. (2006). Gestures: Silent Scaffolding within Small Groups. Journal of Classroom Interaction, 41(1), 15–21. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com.proxy-library.ashford….

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